The Duolingo Plus Combolist Has Fewer Records Than a School Bus Holds

HEROIC analysts identified a combolist labeled "46 Duolingo Plus Accounts With Cap" circulating on a Telegram channel in January 2023. The file paired 46 email addresses with plaintext passwords and the URLs of the sites those logins belong to, the standard format attackers use to automate login attempts across the web.

Why the Duolingo Plus Combolist Is Dangerous

A combolist is not a puzzle an attacker has to solve. The passwords in this file were stored in plaintext, meaning anyone who downloads it can copy an email and password pair and try logging in immediately, no cracking or guessing required. When the URL field is included, the attacker also knows exactly which site or service each credential pair unlocks, which speeds up automated attacks even further.

This particular file focused on Duolingo Plus subscriptions, meaning anyone whose credentials appear here risks losing access to a paid account, not just personal data.

What Was Exposed

• Email addresses
• Plaintext passwords
• URLs linking each credential pair to its original login page

Why This Matters

Anyone whose email and password appear in the Duolingo Plus file faces a real risk of credential stuffing, where automated tools feed leaked logins into hundreds of websites at once looking for a match. If the password here has ever been reused on another account, banking, email, or shopping, that account is exposed too. Once an attacker gets into one account, they often use it to reset passwords elsewhere, escalating a single leaked login into a much wider account takeover.

How Combolists Like This One Are Built

Combolists are compiled by merging credentials pulled from older breaches, phishing kits, and malware logs into a single searchable file, then formatted as email:password or email:password:URL so they can be fed straight into automated login tools. They are traded and sold cheaply on Telegram and dark web forums because they let low-skill attackers run large-scale login attempts with almost no technical effort. A file's small size does not make it safe to ignore, every record in it is a real account.

Check If You Are Affected

You do not have to guess whether your information is sitting in a dump like this one. HEROIC's free breach scanner checks your email address against more than 400 billion leaked records pulled from combolists, stealer logs, and dark web marketplaces. Run a free scan, and if a match turns up, change that password everywhere else you have used it.